Moscow Puppet Theatre was founded in 1930 and is the oldest functioning today Puppet Theatre. It was founded in the State Publishing House and at first (until 1937) was called "Theatre of children's books." Its current name was theater in 1954.

Opening of the puppet theater in the State Publishing House was due to promote children's literature. State Publishing House led AB bathrobes. He created the theater of children's books, which in September 1930 received the status of a professional theater. His first artistic director was V. Shvemberger. The main audience performances were children between the ages of three to twelve years. The main repertory theater performances were a fairy tale. It was a very different tale: the popular and literary, Russian and foreign. The repertoire was a lot of performances: Aibolit, Moidodyr, Twelve Months, Thumbelina, The Little Mermaid, geese, swans, Red Flower, Masha and the Bear, The Ugly Duckling, Bunny and Toptyzhka, Teremok, Hedgehog, The Nutcracker, The Snow Queen, The Blue Bird, Cipollino, The Wizard of Oz.

The huge popularity at the Moscow Puppet Theater was in the period from 1986 to 1991. During these years, Leonid Hait created his famous "House on Wheels", which was called "People and Dolls." During these years, the theater was one of the main points on the map the cultural life of the capital. The theater troupe has participated in international festivals and won various awards. The repertoire of the theater productions there for teens and adults. With the departure of the theater L. Hunt heyday of the theater ended.

In 2012, at the Moscow Puppet Theater has begun the upgrade process that should lead to global changes. The theater invited to the successful production team. The lack of artistic director of the theater should be offset by a strict concept of development. The objectives of the new management includes the creation of the troupe of high professional level. An important part of the activities of the theater should become a special training program for actors - puppeteers.

Change the interior of the theater. They will be multi-functional, and designers try to create a comfortable atmosphere. It is expected that the Moscow Puppet Theatre will turn into a modern center "puppet of life."

Today at the Moscow Puppet Theatre are touring theater performances. The performances are mainly directors from other cities. In the foyer of the theater are interesting exhibitions. One of them was the exhibition "Journey suitcase houses." It presents unique toys and dolls such factories as Bru, Kammer & Reinhardt, Simon & Halbig, and many others. Exposure framed unusually creative. This exhibition - part of the collections of the Museum of Art Dolls from the city of Riga.