In the Middle Ages, the Jewish community of Sandomierz was one of the largest and most important in Lesser Poland. Along with Krakow and Kazimierz, the community in Sandomierz received by Casimir the Great royal privileges and protection. The synagogue in Sandomierz was built in 1768 on the site of the old synagogue, burned down in 1758.

The building was built in the Baroque style of brick with a tiled mansard roof. Inside are preserved paintings eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The oldest part of the eighteenth century frescoes preserved in the central part of the eastern wall. Among survived pictures you can see the following: construction of Jerusalem, the Wailing Wall, the Sea of ​​Galilee, Mount Sinai. Inside also preserved paintings and inscriptions in Hebrew. The prayer hall has vaulted ceilings and interesting Gothic entrance portal.

The new synagogue has been used for nearly two centuries before the Holocaust. Several times in the reconstruction of the building was carried out, in particular, in 1872, 1911 and 1929. During World War II, the Jewish population of Sandomierz were killed and the synagogue is destroyed.

After a complete renovation in the 70s, the building was transferred to the state archive, which contains records of the sixteenth century Sandomierz and the surrounding provinces. State Archives Sandomierz operates in the synagogue at the moment.