Museum of the War of 1812 is located in Kaluga, in the memorial house GS Baten'kov Marcher 1813 - 1814 years., The Decembrists.

In the museum visitors can get acquainted with subjects that are relevant to the era of 1812, among them - the banner of Azov musketeer regiment in 1803 (with him Regiment went through the entire World War II and the campaign of 1813, 1814), Gonfalon Kaluga militia portraits kaluzhan that He took part in the war, French, Russian, English, German, Spanish, American prints, which are devoted to the events of the Napoleonic wars, defensive armament and weapons memorial sword, which belonged to a French officer prisoner of war - the Comte de Bovolo.

The museum's collection of 1812 is unique and enables its visitors to learn about the events of World War II through the genuine items, the fate of individuals.

Kaluga war period is characterized by a radical turning point in the fight against opponents, as in September - October in the military arena, there have been unexpected changes. Napoleon, who came to Moscow, the winner turned out to be the beginning of October in the position of seeking peace vanquished commander. Chief of the Russian armies, MI Golenishtchev-Kutuzov to the beginning of October had an efficient reorganized the army, which was ready to continue the war with Napoleon.

At this time there is a decisive shift the course of military operations in Russia's favor, which eventually led to the destruction of the French army. Of the more than 500 thousand people live in less than a quarter. Such an outcome has been associated with a number of important events that occurred in September - October 1812 in the territory of Moscow to Mill Plain.

These events are: the abandonment of Russian troops in Moscow, a flanking maneuver, the arrival of the Red Pakhra and discharge of a Tarutinsky position. Tarutinsky camp was located exactly on the Kaluga land. Here the Russian army after leaving Moscow, restored the fighting capacity and raised their morale. On the border of the Moscow and Kaluga province October 6 Tarutino battle took place, during which a French detachment under the command of Murat was defeated. October 12 Maloyaroslaveckij battle, which began as a result of the retreat of Napoleon's army.

October 13 near Medyn Cossack regiments VA Byhalova and GD Ilovaisky defeated the vanguard of the Polish corps of Napoleon's army. Emperor Franz was clearly demonstrated that the Russian army and reliably covers the southern direction that influenced the decision of Napoleon to retreat along the old road.

In addition to these military operations, to turn the tide of the war, in the Kaluga province in 1812 were large-scale measures to protect borders from enemy units and to meet the needs of the Russian army.

During the war, merchants, nobles, commoners, clergy sacrificed for the Russian army rations, items, weapons, money, money. The factories of Kaluga province, and produced a variety of ammunition. From peasant militia was formed, which took an active part in the fighting on the borders, and for the liberation of the southern districts of the Mogilev and Smolensk provinces. In Kaluga, Meshchovsk, Mosalsk, Kozelsk turned temporary hospitals. Through the Kaluga province it has been more than ten thousand prisoners, of which more than a hundred remain here until the conclusion of peace. It Kaluga General MA Miloradovich create new pieces to fill up the army.

Kaluga civil governor PN Kaverin on the boundaries of the province were formed self-defense groups, which formed a chain protective cordons that support Cossack regiments, militia units, the regular troops. These measures have led to the fact that the looters and foragers of the enemy army could not penetrate deep into the Kaluga province. In Yukhnov district of Smolensk province, which in August 1812 joined the management of the governor of Kaluga, the same occurred. Here in the direction of Vyazma - Kaluga acted Cossack detachment guarding Timirova NA, located in the city of rear base DV Davidov, near localities were fighting self-defense units.

After August 28, 1812 Kaluga province was declared under martial law, the management of the Kaluga governor and handed Elninskaya Roslavl district of Smolensk province, on 2 December the same year the governor began to manage the entire province of Smolensk.