Among the ravines and gorges in the central part of the island of Thassos at an altitude of 450-500 m above sea level is one of the oldest of its settlements - Castro (from the Greek meaning "fortress"). The history of the settlement dates back to the early 15th century, when a small plateau Genoese built a powerful fortress. This place was not chosen by chance. In the Middle Ages, to protect themselves from pirate attacks, the islanders mostly built their well-fortified settlements in remote areas away from the coast (usually high in the mountains). For a long time the settlement flourished and perfectly protected its inhabitants.

By the end of the 19th century, Castro went into decline and is completely empty. Some residents moved to the lowlands, where the conditions and fertile soil is best suited for farming. Many settled in the new settlement "Limenaria", a German-based mining company Speidel, who started in these places development of deposits of minerals, and some residents left the island altogether in search of "a better life".

In the center of Castro, is well-preserved church of Saint Athanasius - the oldest temple and an important historical monument of the island. According to a memorial inscription it was erected in 1804. In its construction participated virtually the entire population of the Castro, and as the building materials used for this part of the ruined castle of the Genoese time. However, the ruins of the medieval walls have been partially preserved to the present day.

For many years the village was empty. Only in recent years of the houses have been restored and are now used in the summer and on weekends. Today, Castro is quite famous landmark of the island. Here the unique atmosphere of a medieval settlement, and from the top of the plateau offers magnificent panoramic views. There is a small and cozy tavern. But Castro truly comes alive during the celebration of St. Athanasius (January 18). At this time there are mass festivities with songs, dances and traditional treats that are going on most of the inhabitants of Thassos.