As you know, the Novgorod architecture, referring to the first half - the middle of the 16th century, increasingly keep in touch with architectural traditions prevailing in the era of independence, namely in 1478. In addition, at this time there was a long-awaited accession of Novgorod to Moscow, which could not but affect the architectural component of this union. The novelty was found primarily in the Trinity Cathedral, located in Klopskom monastery. The new architectural style was discovered in the masonry of the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, which has led to the emergence of new types of cathedrals. In addition, the decoration has undergone significant changes for the better.
Of all the representatives of the existing architectural style of the Novgorod and Moscow became the most notable is the Trinity Cathedral. Earlier in his place has wooden Trinity Church, built in 1412. There is an assumption that in this period of time the Holy Trinity Monastery already had a place to be. Wooden building lasted only seven years. In 1419 on the site of the wooden church was built a new stone church, the construction of which took place during his lifetime abbot Theodosius. In these chronicles clearly marked features of a functional feature of Trinity Church - is the presence podtserkovya, which was associated with the orientation oriented to St. Nicholas Church at Lyatke.
In 1569 a stone Trinity church was demolished and in its place built a large beautiful Trinity Cathedral. He was a four-pillar temple with three apses, the bulk of which was completed three chapters, which was also presented in the Holy Transfiguration Cathedral in the Khutyn Monastery. The general architecture of the Trinity Cathedral of the traditional features of Novgorod architecture is almost entirely absent. Conciliar building is quite original in bulk form, due to the porch, made across the width located on the west side of the facade and two chapels in the south and the north. A significant asymmetry of the total composition is increasingly strengthened belfry, located in the south-west side of the building.
It features one of the Trinity Monastery applies mnogoprestolnost Trinity Church, which is typical for a number of churches, dating back to Klopskogo Cathedral. In this aspect, the closest to Trinity Cathedral was the church of Nikita. As regards the process of sanctification altar in a church, the ceremony was held with the participation of Ivan the Terrible, as the cathedral was being built exclusively on the orders of the king, and to a greater extent on its funds. Chapels were consecrated in honor of Theodore and John of the Ladder, reflecting the desire of the author to emphasize the protection of the king's sons - Theodore and John.
The most significant changes in the structure of the building have been closely associated with the repair work in the early 19th century. Cathedral walls were several nadlozheny and made a new cover, with a small portion of the main volume was complemented by a pair of decorative chapters. In addition, the vaults of the chapels were demolished and the head, removed the bell tower and significantly refreshed murals related to the late 17th - early 18th centuries. At about the same time it was built communal cells, the abbot's quarters, a three-tiered bell tower and stone wall.
During the years 1964-1965 under the direction of chief architect Krasnorecheva LV the Holy Trinity Cathedral held conservation works. At the moment in the interior of the cathedral, namely, at a depth of 1 to 2 m from the floor, the researchers found was the original masonry, which is very different from the masonry of the 16th century. We identified the masonry were found several faces; there is speculation that the clutch - the remainder of the pre-existing internal support of the temple in 1419. From the east of the temple was found laying identical to those found earlier masonry, although it remained only on one row of limestone. On the north side of the side edge to have survived face coating.
Now held in the cathedral restoration work.
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