Moscow Planetarium is located near the Garden Ring, near Moscow Zoo. The idea of ​​building in Moscow planetarium belonged to David Ryazanov, who headed the Institute of Marx and Engels in the USSR Central Executive Committee, together with the People's Commissariat of the RSFSR Glavnauka. The decision to build in Moscow Planetarium was taken by the Presidium of the Moscow City Council in 1927. It was decided to build the country's first newest scientific and educational institutions - Planetarium. Equipment - projector "Planetarium", at that time it was the latest invention of global importance. It was first shown in the autumn of 1923. Ryazanov was sent to Germany for talks on the manufacture of equipment for the planetarium with the company Carl Zeiss.

At this time in Moscow was developed architectural and construction project of the planetarium. For the development of young architects took Barshch and Sinyavsky. The architects have taken as a basis for the project the natural shape of an egg, or rather, its geometric shape and tectonically. Constructivists Alex Gunn described the planetarium as optical and scientific theater.

Planetarium building was laid September 28, 1928, the day of the autumnal equinox. The opening was held in November 1929. While the planetarium was the first and only one in the country and the thirteenth in Europe and in the world.

The main activity of the planetarium - popularization of scientific knowledge in the field of space.

In 1977, the Moscow Planetarium was reconstructed. It was installed a new device, manufactured in East Germany, at the "Carl Zeiss Jena". It was a machine with programmed control. This made it possible to carry out the planetarium automated audio-visual presentation.

Astronomical circle at the future planetarium visited the famous astronomer Kadashev Novikov, Gurshteyn, Efremov, Goldfinches, Sharov and others. In 1987, the planetarium are trained in navigation, all the Soviet cosmonauts.

In 1990, the planetarium installed the largest telescope in Moscow. Access to it is open to all comers.

In 1997, a group of scientists under the direction of A. Anisimova began developing the project of reconstruction of the planetarium. Anisimov has offered to raise the building on 6 meters. The project received the award of I degree and diploma of the Union of Architects Rossii.Eto possible to increase the area of ​​the building. In new areas posted: a museum, a research department, an exhibition hall, underground parking and a cafe, as well as the technical facilities.

The works were in 2002. The reconstruction was long, the reason for this was a dispute of shareholders. In 2009, the owner of the Moscow Planetarium was the Department of Property Moskvy.Bylo decided that the planetarium opened in 2010, but moved to the opening of 12 june 2011 goda.Planetary opened the Day of Russia.

In the basement is a small planetarium star hall, cinema - 4D, the museum "Lunarium" .On the first level there is a hall dedicated to the history of space exploration and the halls of the museum, "Urania". At the second level - big and small astronomical observatory platform "Sky Park" and the exhibition of the collection of meteorites. At the third level, under the dome, there is a large hall star. It allows the projector to see about 9,000 celestial objects and their movement across the sky in time.