National Museum of the Republic of Adygea was founded in 1925 as a adyghe historical and ethnographic museum. The initiator of the creation of the Society for the study adyghe area. The first director and sole employee of the National Museum until 1935 was IA Navruzov who collected rich ethnographic and historical material for the museum's collection.

Quite a long time Adygeya museum did not have a permanent home. Since 1929 it is located in Krasnodar. After Maikop in 1936 became the capital of Adygei Autonomous Region, the museum was renamed the Adygei regional studies and moved to Maikop. In May 1950 for the museum it was given a new building on the street Pervomayskaya. His first visitors to the new place he took in 1954. In March 1993 the museum was transformed into the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea.

In 2001, the museum was opened two halls of a permanent ethnographic exhibition entitled "Culture and life of the Circassians in the late XVIII - early XIX century.". In May 2005, the 60th anniversary of Victory Day, was mounted another stationary exhibition, dubbed "Adygea during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.". A year later, the museum opened an exhibition showing exhibits from the Bronze Age have been found on the territory of the autonomous republic.

To date, the museum is open 8 departments have their own libraries and archives. Its funds holds about 270 thousand. Pieces. This includes a unique collection of coins, gems, clothes, porcelain, musical instruments and much more. Also, visitors to the museum have the opportunity to see the collection of Paleolithic PU Autlev and unique archaeological exhibits.