Aquarium Diachinto Cheston, named after the famous Italian naturalist of the 17th century, is located in Livorno, at the end of an impressive city waterfront and Terrazza Mascagni. Originally built for heliotherapy center, the building was later transformed, in 1937 it placed an aquarium. During World War II tank was destroyed and restored only in 1950. Ten years later, it was expanded and in 1968 it housed the headquarters of the Inter-University Center of Marine Biology, established a commune Livorno and universities of Bologna, Florence, Modena, Siena, Pisa and Turin. At the end of the 20th century building of the aquarium again reconstructed, at the same time it has been rescheduled part of the embankment between the shipyard and the brothers Orlando Terrazza Mascagni. In 2010, the new complex was opened to the public.

Aquarium Diachinto Cheston consists of several buildings. A main body in the center, has a rectangular shape with two sides apse. Nearby is a semi-circular building - the result of the last reconstruction. On the south side, the building of the cubic form are office space. The total exhibition area of ​​the aquarium is 3 thousand sq.m. - Is located 65 pools per thousand cubic meters of water. The pools inhabited by about 1,200 animals belonging to 150 species. In 2010, the year the Aquarium has become the third largest in Italy after the Genoa Aquarium and Cattolica.