Memorial Museum NI Beloborodova - the only in the Tula region music museum. It was opened in Tula on the main avenue, in memory of the famous countryman, who invented the chromatic harmonica and create the world's first accordion orchestra.

Nikolai Ivanovich Beloborodov was born in 1828 in Tula. His father, Ivan Matthew, was the manager of the estate of the landlords Kologrivov Medvenka; mother originally came from hereditary gunsmiths, she died after the birth of Nicholas. Nicholas taught to read and write the sexton of the local parish church. But the study did not last long, as the father of Nicholas decided that it is enough to be able to understand written and signed his name.

With 11 year old boy carried away playing the accordion. First he played the single-row diatonic harmonica. Beloborodov had outstanding abilities and decided to take up music seriously. In the house of his master going harmony - the treasury of the plant workers. They played together, competed on pereigrysh. The tone of such improvised rehearsals asked Nikolai. But primitive accordion greatly limited the possibilities of execution. Nikolai Beloborodov would like to alter the harmonic voice so that it was possible to perform classical music. In NI Beloborodova the idea to create a new model of harmonics.

In 1875, Nikolai Ivanovich, together with a master of harmony LA Chulkov produced an experimental tool. The basis of it was taken diatonic odnoryadka. Beloborodov added to the first row of the second - with halftones. Keyboard harmonics become like a piano, but grouping of keys was a little different - after the white keys - black.

The world's first chromatic harmonica was constructed in the spring of 1878 Beloborodova experience was successful. Harmonica has been arranged in an unusual way: on a small narrow body were six rows of planks. Three voices sounded simultaneously. It plays a role resonator chamber, where new overtones due to the refraction of sound waves that create juicy and soft sound. Create a chromatic harmonica has a strong influence on the further development of the tongue-pneumatic keyboards.

After some time, NI Beloborodov order the production of two chromatic harmonica, after which they were created family trio, which in addition to himself entered his two daughters, Sophia and Mary. The trio successfully performed at many charity events that Nikolai Ivanovich has suggested the idea of ​​creating a larger musical collective.

In the 1880-1890-ies. Beloborodov left his service and began to study music theory and chord structure using local bandmasters: balls and Buzovkina. Among domestic harmonica Beloborodov first mastered musical notation.

Not just to Beloborodov came representatives of the company "Kalbe" producing the best Viennese harmonics, offering to sell the patent for the chromatic harmonica. But Nikolai did not sell their offspring abroad.

In 1885-1886 gg. of the working arms and ammunition factories Beloborodov created the first worldwide "Orchestra mug lovers play on the chromatic accordion." This was the first band that played on sheet music. Among the judges was a professional harmonica and Leo Tolstoy. Before him the orchestra played in 1893, not far from the mountains in the country Diagon Beloborodova.

The first public performance of the orchestra took place in February 1897. It was held at the Noble Assembly of Tula. After that, the orchestra has toured constantly Beloborodova and performed in Serpukhov, Kaluga, Voronezh, Orel and other Russian cities.

The museum Beloborodova fully reflected the cultural musical environment of Tula early 20th century. In the museum you can see a variety of harmonics, including Vienna's famous, but the main exhibit is the Tula "chromatic" accordion, which was commissioned by NI Beloborodova in 1878 LA Chulkov. The invention NI Beloborodov gave new meaning harmonics, which enabled PI Tchaikovsky put them in a symphony orchestra.

The interior space of the memorial is decorated with posters, photographs, objects and furniture from the early 20th century. The culmination of the exhibition is to introduce a time of reproducing musical sounds Beloborodova applicable gramophone and a harmonium.