Borschovskie cave
   Photo: Borschovskie cave

Borschovskie cave, located in the Leningrad region near a small hamlet Oredezh, are the most famous among the many quarries in the area. Almost all quarries art owe their existence to numerous deposits of sandstone, which originally served for the production of white quartz sand, used in the manufacture of glass. It is in the village Borshchov, namely, on the shore of a small lake Antonova, it was this production, then the waste raw material received for further processing to a glass factory in the village Torkovichi.

In the early 20th century, the process is completely stopped sand mining, a small plant has come to a complete desolation, and Borschovskie quarries were used for personal purposes by robbers, local workers and partisans. After some time, the quarry is almost completely crumbled, rising to epic proportions in more than 4 meters. As it turned out, sand quarries were not very stable, because of the inevitable destructive process which occurred so quickly that there was only a small fraction of the length of long strokes.

It is believed that this place was previously located the system, which was broken on the collapse of the strongest components - in Dvenadtsatistolbovoy gallery you can see one of the great collapses. Above the cave there is a huge crater size, the diameter of which reaches 25 meters at a depth of 5 meters. The very first cave - it kolonnik having 12 poles. This is followed by Wolf Cave equipped closes passages.

In Dvenadtsatistolbovuyu gallery can be accessed through the entrance located in the cliff just above the track. Laz has a small height, but as you progress it increased to 2, 5 meters, so it can be held without bending.

The most distinctive feature of the cave is its unusual shape, because all the passages are very reminiscent of the gothic arches. The secret of this form lies in the degree of cementation, causes little resistance ceiling, for which reason it was decided to give shape to the best of stability, hold due to the complete equilibrium pressure and gravity. But despite this, these systems quite a few areas where there was never collapses. The largest number of galleries and halls has increased greatly, so the floor is practically flush with the ceiling. In some rooms you can see that their height reaches 5-6 meters in the occurrence of caves 7-10 meters. In the course of the inevitable growth in the majority of rooms are low stability and gradually destroyed.

To date, there are rooms, but they are noticeable bedding available species: the highest layer is a white quartz sandstone, which is clearly visible on a small layer of orange or yellow, which goes into a bright maroon color with small multi-colored stripes. There are halls, literally striking for its beauty and natural design, as well as forcing, without stopping, to admire the extraordinary variety of color inks. On the top you can see the layers made of clay nodules, which are small balls, a few centimeters in diameter and making the wall more like a lush buns with raisins.

Until today, on ceilings and walls can be seen numerous traces of tools used in the process of breaking sandstone; you can see the smoke from the torches, which at one time covered Borschovskuyu cave.

It is worth noting that during the time of production of quartz sand the length of cave passages reached up to 15 km, although it is only a small section of pre-existing passages. It is important that soon Borschovskie cave may disappear, because every year is registered more landslides.

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