The Archaeological Museum in the town of Kavala is one of the most interesting and important archaeological museums of Greece and the most important in Eastern Macedonia.

History of the Archaeological Museum of Kavala begins in 1934 with the custodian of antiquities G.Bakalakisa of Kavala, who later became a professor at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. It was he who created the first archaeological collection in the city, which is housed in the basement at the courthouse. In 1935 the collection was moved to a separate building in the neoclassical style Faliro. During the occupation of the city by the Germans and Bulgarians museum was destroyed and many ancient relics illegally exported or destroyed. The new museum was opened in 1964 in the building where it is located now. The museum building was built of 1963-1964. designed by architects J. and G. Fatouros Triantafillidis - professor of the Polytechnic School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

The museum contains exhibits from the ancient city Amphipolis, including a marble bust of a woman (4th century BC), a marble stele from the tomb Ephebos (5th century BC), a large gold ring on his finger and golden olive wreath, Macedonian tomb found in 1 (3rd century BC), a headless marble statue of a woman dressed in a peplos (1st century BC) and a bust of the Roman empress Agrippina. Also in the museum are architectural elements from the sanctuary of the goddess Athena Parthenos of ancient Neapolis, and a lot of different utensils and statuettes of the Archaic period. The museum has exhibits of clay and stone belonging to the Neolithic. Also on display in the museum many relics from different areas of ancient Thrace: clay figurines, sarcophagi, coins of the Macedonian kings, black-figure vase painting with products and much more. Of particular interest are the Cycladic amphora (7th century BC) and the Red-hydria (4th century BC).

Between 1999 and 2000, the museum has undergone a major upgrade, so the museum has expanded and updated.