Teberda Reserve
   Photo: Teberda Reserve

Teberda Reserve, located within the three districts - Karachai, Urup and Zelenchuk is State Nature Biosphere Reserve. It is located in the valley of the Federal District, on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus.

The reserve, with a total area of ​​85,330 hectares, was founded in 1936 to explore the mountain meadow and mountain forest natural complexes on the northern slopes of the Western Caucasus.

The reserve consists of two parts: Arkhyz (over 19 hectares) and Teberdinsky (over 66 hectares). In 2009, the reserve entered federal reserve "Dautsky", an area of ​​74,900 hectares. A year later, it was founded Biosphere Reserve landfill, which combined with each other and the Caucasus Nature Reserve two cluster areas of the reserve.

One of the main decorations are deep reserve Badukskie lakes. In general, its territory is 157 lakes. Almost all lakes are located at altitudes of more than 2 thousand. M. Most of the lakes, the age from 200 to 1000 years old, appeared in the melting of glaciers. Lake Karakel in Teberda formed during the retreat of the ancient glacier Teberdinsky about 8-10 thousand. Years ago.

Total Teberda Reserve takes 30 rivers, they all have a glacier and snowfield food. The biggest of them are: Federal District, Alibek, Dombay-Ёlgen, Baduk, Amanauz, Ulla-Murudzhu, Gonachkhir and, of course, on Kizgych Arkhyz site. Runs down the steep slopes of the river to form a vast and mighty waterfalls and rapids. The reserve is very rich in glaciers, the total number of 109, and the total area - more than 74 square meters. km.

On the territory of the Teberda Reserve grow vascular plants - about 1200 species, ground seaweed - about 100 species of lichens - more than 300 species of mosses - over 460 species of mushrooms - 500 species. Besides here live birds - 220 species of mammals - about 45 species, and fish - 3 species, reptiles - 7 species, amphibians - 5 species and many species of insects. Many of these representatives have been included in the Red Book of Russia.

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